Al-Ghazali's Critique of Greek Philosophy in At-Tahafut al-Falasifah and Its Impact on Islamic Epistemology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61166/iffah.v2i2.52Keywords:
Al-Ghazali, Greek Philosophy, At-Tahafut al-Falasifah, Islamic EpistemologyAbstract
This study examines Al-Ghazali’s critique of Greek philosophy in his work At-Tahafut al-Falasifah and its impact on the development of Islamic epistemology. The study is motivated by the strong influence of Greek philosophy, particularly Aristotelianism, on the thought of Muslim philosophers such as Al-Farabi and Ibn Sina, which is considered to contradict the principles of Islamic teachings in certain aspects. This study aims to analyze the process of Al-Ghazali’s critique of Greek philosophy, identify the aspects of thought that were criticized, and explain its implications for Islamic epistemology. The study employs a qualitative method using a literature review approach, employing hermeneutics, content analysis, and descriptive-philosophical analysis of the primary work At-Tahafut al-Falasifah as well as various supporting sources. The research findings indicate that Al-Ghazali’s critique focuses on the doctrine of the eternity of the universe, God’s knowledge of particulars, and the rejection of bodily resurrection. Al-Ghazali argues that reason has limitations in understanding metaphysical reality and must therefore operate under the guidance of revelation. This study concludes that Al-Ghazali’s critique does not absolutely reject reason, but rather integrates reason, revelation, and spiritual intuition within the framework of Islamic epistemology, which subsequently exerted a significant influence on the development of Islamic theological, philosophical, and Sufi thought.
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