Implementation of Waste Management in the Gili Labak Island Tourist Area, Madura: A Perspective Based on *Ḥifẓ al-Bi’ah* (Environmental Preservation) and Law Number 18 of 2008

Abstract

Waste management in the Gili Labak Island tourist area has become an issue requiring attention, as increasing tourism activities lead to a rise in waste generation, potentially threatening the sustainability of the coastal environment. This study aims to examine waste management processes and practices in the Gili Labak Island tourist area, analyzing their implementation through the lens of *ḥifẓ al-bi’ah* (environmental preservation) and Law Number 18 of 2008 concerning Waste Management. The study employs a qualitative method with a juridical-empirical approach, conducted as field research. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, involving informants such as tourism managers, local residents, business operators, and tourists. Data analysis was performed through reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing, while data validity was verified via source triangulation. The findings indicate that waste management efforts—including the provision of trash bins, community clean-up activities, waste collection, and transport to the mainland—are currently in place. However, implementation remains suboptimal due to limited infrastructure and facilities, a lack of waste segregation at the source, insufficient transport capacity, the absence of processing facilities (such as 3R-based waste transfer stations or recycling units), and a persistent lack of awareness among some tourists. From the perspective of *ḥifẓ al-bi’ah*, while these practices reflect the human mandate as *khalifah* (steward) to protect the environment, they do not yet fully satisfy the principles of preventing environmental degradation and fostering public well-being. Under Law Number 18 of 2008, current waste management efforts lean toward reduction and handling, yet they lack a systematic, comprehensive, and sustainable approach.